"They who know the truth are not equal to those who love it, and they who love it are not equal to those who delight in it." -Confucius

Wednesday, September 5, 2012

Isaiah 22:1-2; Taanith 29A

Isaiah 22:1-2:
A prophecy concerning the Valley of Visions: For what reason is it, now, that you have all gone to the rooftops? [City that was] filled with the shouts [of masses of people], city of rabble, city of excited outcry, your dead are not the dead of the sword, nor the casualties of war."
Taanith 29A:
When the Temple was destroyed the first time, groups of the priestly youth gathered, with the keys to the Sanctuary in their hands, and they ascended to the roof of the Sanctuary and said before Him: 'Master of the Universe, since we did not merit to be faithful treasurers before You, behold, the keys are given over to You." [With that,] they threw them upward. A sort of hand emerged and took them, and they (the priests) jumped and fell into the fire. Upon them Isaiah lamented, "A prophecy concerning the Valley of Visions: For what reason, now, has all of you ascended to the rooftops? [City that was] filled with the shouts [of masses of people], city of rabble, city of excited outcry, your dead are not the dead of the sword, nor the casualties of war" (Isaiah 22:1-2).
Yerushalmi Shekalim 6:2:
At the time Nebuchadnezzar ascended to here (Israel), he came and settled in Daphne near Antioch. The Great Sanhedrin came out toward him and said to him: "Has the time come for this Temple to be destroyed?" He said to them: "Give to me the one whom I appointed king over you and I shall go." They came and said to Yehoyachin, King of Judah: "Nebuchadnezzar wants you." When he heard this from them, he took the keys of the Holy Temple and ascended to the roof of the Sanctuary. He said before Him: "Master of the Universe, in the past we were faithful to You and Your keys were given over to us. Now that we are not faithful, behold, Your keys are given over to You." Two amoraim (Talmudic teachers) [disputed what happened next]. One said [Yehoyachin] threw [the keys upwards] and they have not yet descended, and one said a sort of hand came and took them from his hand. When all the noblemen of Judah saw this, they ascended to the tops of their roofs, fell and died. So it is written (Isaiah 22:1): "A prophecy concerning the Valley of Visions: For what reason is it, now, that you have all gone to the rooftops?"
Va-Yikra Rabah 19:6:
When Nebuchadnezzar killed [King Yehoyakim], he appointed [Yehoyakim's] son Yechonyah (Yehoyachin) in his stead and descended to Babylon. All of the people of Babylon came forth to praise him. They said to him, "What have you done?" He said to them, "Yehoyakim rebelled against me. I killed him and appointed Yechonyah his son in his stead." They said to him, "There is a parable: Don't raise a good puppy from a bad dog. A bad puppy from a bad dog -- how much more so!" Immediately he hearkened to them  and ascended and settled in Daphne of Antioch. The Great Sanhedrin descended toward him and said to him: "Has the time come for this Temple to be destroyed?" He said to them: "No, however the one whom I have appointed king over you -- give him to me and I shall go on my way." They went and said to Yechonyah: "Nebuchadnezzar wants you." What did he do? He stood up and gathered all the keys of Holy Temple and ascended to the top of the roof and said: "Master of the Universe, since we have not merited to be treasurers before You, until now we were faithful masters of households before You; from now on, behold, Your keys are before You." Two amoraim [disputed what happened next]. One said a sort of hand of fire descended and took them from him, and one said from the time he threw them they have not yet descended. What did the distinguished men of Israel do? They ascended to the tops of their roofs and fell and died. So it is written (Isaiah 22:1): "A prophecy concerning the Valley of Visions: For what reason, now, have you all ascended to the rooftops?" What did Nebuchadnezzar do? He seized [Yechonyah] and incarcerated him in prison, and anyone who was incarcerated in [Nebuchadnezzar]'s days would never leave there... Yehoyachin was exiled and the Great Sanhedrin was exiled with him...

Tuesday, September 4, 2012

Jerusalem called "Valley of Visions"; Jerusalem is Gate of Heaven

Isaiah 22:1:
A prophecy concerning the Valley of Visions...
 Rashi:
"the Valley of Visions" - This is  Jerusalem, the valley about which most prophecies were prophesied.
Rashi to Taanith 29A:
"Valley of Visions" -- the valley in which they would prophesy... Alternatively, Jerusalem, for all would gaze at her.
Etz Yoseph to Taanith 29A:
In Pethichta 24 of Echah Rabatha it states: "'A prophecy concerning the Valley of Visions' -- the valley about which all the prophets prophesy." (The meaning is that this prophecy was said concerning Jerusalem. She is called "the Valley of Visions" for all the visionaries, i.e. the prophets, prophecy concerning the return of her inhabitants. [The prophet] called her a valley even though it is a mountain to connote derisively, for her inhabitants cast her down with their evil, making her from a mountain into a valley, for she is no longer worthy to be called a mountain, rather, a valley.) "The valley from which all the prophets derive." According to this interpretation, the term "valley" connotes the high quality of the city and its praise, for just as the valley receives rainwater, so is Jerusalem fit to receive the flow of prophecy, for there is the Gate of Heaven and from there comes prophecy to the prophets, for "all the prophets" (i.e. most) derive from her, as R' Yochanan said: "Any prophet whose city's name was not specified was a Jerusalemite."